Siberian Federal University

Magnetic phase transitions in disordered systems are governed by the interplay of exchange interactions, fluctuations, and structural randomness, which cannot be adequately described within classical mean-field approaches. In this work, we review the method of random exchange fields as an analytical framework for studying magnetic phase transitions in such systems. The method is based on a statistical description of local exchange fields and allows one to incorporate the effects of disorder and fluctuations while preserving analytical tractability. Its applicability is demonstrated for a wide class of magnetic materials, including spin glasses and spinel compound. The method provides a unified and physically transparent description of magnetic ordering and critical behavior in complex magnetic systems